The term "orangutan" is taken from
the words in the language of Indonesia, namely ' orang '
which means man and ' utan ' which
means forest. Orang utan covers two spesies,
namely Sumatran orangutan (Pongo abelii) and
the orangutan of Borneo (borneo) (Pongo
pygmaeus). Unique is
the orangutan has a kinship with
a man near at the level of kingdom animalia,
where orang utan have DNA in
common rate of 59.9%.
They have a fat body and
big, big necked, long arms and strong, short
legs and bowed, and not mempunyaiekor.
Orangutans have a height of
around 1.25-1.5 meters.
Body brownish red hair along
with orangutans. They have a
large head with high mouth position.
When reaching a level of sexual
maturity, males have a fat crush on both sides, the
Cantle is great, the hair becomes long and grow a
beard around the face. They havethe same human senses,
i.e., hearing, sight, smell, taste, and touch.
Males weight about 50-90 kg, while a
female orangutan weighs around 30-50 kg.
Palm of the hand they have 4 fingers in
length plus 1 thumb. The soles they also
have arrangement of fingers or toes are very similar
to humans.
Orangutans are still included in the species
of great apes such as gorillas and
chimpanzees. The great apes entered in the classification
of mammals, have a large brain size, which
leads to the fore, eyes and hands that can grasp.
On 19 August, lovers of the
environment celebrates the world's Orangutans. Although
he was welcomed, the warning is
always coupled orangutans that concerns still endangered in
the IUCN list.
The Sumatran orangutan (Pongo abelii) fall into the
category of "being Critically endangered"
with the declining trend. While the Bornean
orangutan (Pongo pygmeus) includes species that are
"Endangered" by the trend also makin dwindled.
But if traced the history
of orangutans in the face of the Earth, he is one of
the species to adventuring far
from Indonesia. Epoch time of the Pleistocene,
orangutans can be found as far as southern
China and Java. Now, they're having trouble finding suitable
habitat away from the reach of mining, forestry, road
construction, and illegal logging.
Limited Habitat, only in the North-West of
Sumatra and in Kalimantan. The number is? Around 6600
individuals for Sumatran orangutans in 2008. Compare with
about 85 thousand individual orangutans in 1900, a
decrease of approximately 92 percent.
Preserved as a solution, do conservation
activities. Among them is done in
Kalimantan Borneo Orangutan Survival through The Foundation
(BOSF), which held a program of conservation
and rehabilitation of orangutans.
Individual orangutans could be
considered again adapt
to nature, will dilepasliarkanto forest conservation to
the
Hill Batikap. However, Ian Singleton, specialist and
Director of the orangutan conservation
in Sumatran Orangutan Conservation Programme
(SOCP), has said that konvservasi is actually risky
for the orangutan.
But this had to be done because if
it survived in the forest, the orangutan is the
more desperate and possibly killed.
The majority of the orangutans eat,
including large seed-bearing fruit--a challenge
for some particular species. If primates range
of orangutans were shifted from the
forest contains fruit like this, then the seed
of the fruit trees will only spread in short
distances or not at all scattered.
The
transfer of orangutan forest also have an impact
on the reduction of the stock of carbon in the
forest. Because tree
species with large seeds tend to be in the dense
forest that contains more carbon.
(Source: IUCN,
orangutans and
The Economics of Sustainable Forest Management
in Sumatra [UNEP])
Today, both the
Borneo orangutans or Sumatran orangutan are threatened
by extinction. The World Conservation Union (IUCN Red
List IUCN Red List 2007/2007) classify the Borneo orangutan as endangered species (endangered),
while in Sumatra have been
classified as endangered species (being
critically endangered). Both specieshave also been listed
in Appendix I of the Convention on international trade in endangered
species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). Both
in Indonesia and Malaysia, orangutans are protected by
law. However, laws and regulations alone is clearly not enough
to protect charismatic species. Orangutan conservation requires a
comprehensive and integrated efforts by all stakeholders,
both in the field and in the political arena, to ensure its
success.
This alarming prospect to
motivate scientists and conservation groups, government
agencies, community and private sectors to find a viable solution to
ensure the survival of the species is in the midst
of its economic development of Indonesia. The result
is a multiple-party conservation strategies that
incorporate the interests of the public,
private, and local, and find common ground in the
conservation of orangutansamong the stakeholders.
In 2007, the Government of Indonesia, which is
represented by the Directorate General of forest
protection and nature conservation, Forestry
Department worked together with the Association Primatologi Indonesia (APAPI)
and Orangutan ConservationServices Program (OCSP) funded
by USAID, the process that produces the basic
framework through briefing stakeholders
to deliver improvements in the condition
of the orangutan and lowland forest habitat during the
next ten years. Strategy and national action plan on the
conservation of orangutans 2007 – 2017 was signed
by the Ministry of forestry and announced by the President
of Indonesia at the climate change conference in
Bali in December 2007.
Referring to the plan of action, all
of Indonesia's orangutan conservation activities –
including that done by BOSF – is based. More than
that, the public participation based on kesadartahuan, concern
and a love of nature, it is also very necessary to
change behaviour to become more environmentally friendly.
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